500 Word Short Story Essays

500 Word Short Story Essays 500 Word Short Story Essay 500 Word Short Story Essay ELA Something was distinctive about this day from the second I woke up. I had been wiped out for some time and had as of late been to the vet, yet today was unique. I was given a wide range of flavorful nourishment for breakfast, an incredible change from my ordinary bowl of kibbles, and my lords were continually petting me. They were directing sentiments toward me as well. How I wish I could get them. At that point the whole family conveyed me into the vehicle and we began pulling out of the garage. I love the vehicle; it normally prompts some extraordinary experience or excursion. Today however I was too drained to even consider putting my head out the window so I lied tranquilly in there. They tenderly stroked my hide saying my name again and again. It was alleviating yet I was too powerless to even think about raising my head or sway my tail. How I missed the days where I could move around in the grass cool as a cucumber. Presently I need assistance to just get up. They are continually ready to support me however. They appear to cherish me a great deal and I love them as well. Abruptly one of them started to cry. I licked her hand, which just aggravated it. I considered what might not be right; we were just going for a ride. The various people appeared to be quite tragic as well, despite the fact that I could let some know of them were doing whatever it takes not to show it. At that point we maneuvered into a parking area, however no one got out. We stayed there, no one talking, for five minutes, at that point one of them escaped the vehicle. The time he was gone appeared to last an unending length of time yet it was extremely just two minutes. At the point when he returned, he was with another man. My vet. I was eager to consider him to be he generally presented to me a treat, and sure enough in his grasp there was a little canine bread. He appeared to be pitiful today however, much like my lords. He removed a needle from his sack. Out of nowhere they all began crying. They were all embracing and kissing me, which hurt a little in light of the fact that my body was so delicate. What might be going on I thought. I attempted to get up yet I couldn’t. I lied there, in the arms of my dearest experts as they cried surrounding me. I was so confounded yet there was nothing I could do. Caught under what appeared as though 1000 pounds I lied there. At that point I heard my vet say something and my lords gestured. My vet drew a little nearer and drifted over me with the needle. Everybody had gone quiet; they all appeared to recognize what was going to come straightaway. At that point he stuck the needle into me and pushed his thumb down. Out of nowhere I felt light, and the torment was no more. I heard the sound of crying becoming further and further away. Then†¦nothing.

Search and Seizure Essay Example

Search and Seizure Essay Example Search and Seizure Essay Search and Seizure Essay Unit 5: Midterm Project Carolyn Newton Associates Capstone in Criminal Justice CJ299-01 Professor: Jennifer Wills October 3, 2011 The inquiry of the wrongdoing scene is the most significant period of any examination. Choices of the courts confining acceptability of tribute proof have altogether expanded the estimation of physical proof in crime examinations. Accordingly, law authorization work force engaged with the wrongdoing scene scan must mastermind the best possible and successful assortment of proof at the scene. The contentions the lawyer’s will make in the William’s case is: when a thing is perceived as proof it must be appropriately gathered and protected for research center assessment. In any case, all together for physical proof to be allowable, it more likely than not been lawfully acquired. The courts have seriously limited the privilege of the police to look through certain manslaughter wrongdoing scenes without a court order, (Mincey v. Arizona 437 US 385, 1978). His lawyer’s contention will be that Williams Forth Amendment rights were disregarded in light of the fact that it expresses that: â€Å"The right of the individuals to be secure in their people, houses, papers, and impacts, against preposterous ventures and seizures, will not be damaged, and no warrants will issue, however upon reasonable justification, bolstered by promise or assertion, and especially portraying the spot to be looked, and the people or things to be seized in this manner, the police ought to have first made sure about a pursuit warrant†. Since the proof gathered at the Ellis home was acquired without a warrant, this would be the contention of the guard to have the proof avoided. The rejection for this situation should just relate to the proof gathered from the Ellis home. All proof that was gathered from the Stevens home ought not be barred on the grounds that it was gathered with assent of the property holder. For this situation, Mrs. Stevens gave authorization for the police to look through her home and the way that Mr. Stevens was currently perished; there would be no requirement for his assent. Without reasonable justification or a warrant, the police can look through when they have willful assent from the person. The assent should in actuality be deliberate and not the aftereffect of pressure or compulsion communicates or inferred. State v. Pearson, 234 Kan. 906, 631 P. 2d 605 (1984); Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412 U. S. 218, 225-26, 93 S. Ct. 2041, 36 L. Ed. 2d 854 (1973). Assent would be a lawful support for an inquiry since it expresses that: If the individual who is in charge of the property agrees to the pursuit without being pressured or fooled into doing as such, a hunt without a warrant is legitimate. Note that police don't need to disclose to you that you reserve the privilege to deny an inquiry, however you do. Additionally, note that on the off chance that you have a flat mate, the person in question can agree to a pursuit of the basic regions of your abode (kitchen, front room), however not to your private zones (room, for example). Then again, the Supreme Court as of late decided that one mate can't agree to the inquiry of a house for the benefit of the other. In 1984 The Supreme Court by and by stepped in to address a similar issue in Thompson v Louisiana 469 US 17 (1984). In the Thompson case, a lady who was purportedly discouraged shot and murdered her better half. She at that point took an overdose of pills trying to end it all. She at that point out of nowhere encountered a difference in heart and chose she didnt need to pass on. She called her little girl, who thus called the Sheriffs Department, which dispatched a rescue vehicle and appointees to the womans home. The lady was shipped to the medical clinic where she was dealt with. Examiners were called to the house and accumulated proof of the homicide in the wrongdoing scene. The lady was in this way charged and indicted in the homicide of her better half. The United States Supreme Court administered against The State of Louisiana refering to the Mincey Decision and the desire for security gave in the Fourth Amendment. The womans conviction was toppled. Indeed the courts decided that there was NO Homicide Exception and that the police were required to acquire a court order. The Exclusionary Rule is accessible to a litigant in a criminal case as a solution for illicit quests that disregard the rights set out in the Fourth Amendment. At the point when pertinent, the standard directs that the proof illicitly btained must be barred as proof under the Fourth Amendment. Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U. S. 643. One significant end product to the Exclusionary Rule is the â€Å"fruit of the noxious tree† regulation. (McManus 2003). This standard holds that, notwithstanding the material revealed during the illicit hunt being prohibited, any proof that is later accumulated as an aberrant consequence of the unlawful pursuit will likewise be rejected. W ong Sun v. US, 371 U. S. 471. Model: 1-Say for example, the police unlawfully search an individual’s home and discover drugs. The medications will be rejected as proof for the situation against the person as per the exclusionary rule. Model : 2 If the police direct an illicit pursuit of an individual’s home and discover a guide demonstrating the area of a very much covered up, remotely found outside cannabis field. The police go to the field and hold onto the cannabis. Under the regulation of product of the noxious tree, the cannabis will be rejected as proof for the situation against the person as it stemmed legitimately from an illicit pursuit. There are two significant special cases to the â€Å"fruit of the harmful tree† convention: 1. On the off chance that the police have an autonomous wellspring of information on the proof beside the products of the illicit inquiry, at that point the regulation won't reject the found proof. 2. In the event that the revelation of the proof was inescapable, the proof might be conceded, as it was not then the unlawful pursuit that made the proof be found. â€Å"Inevitable† is a solid word, and so as to concede proof under this exemption, a court must find that police would have found the proof whether they directed the preposterous hunt. Model: 1: 2-If an official wrongfully look through an individual’s stable and finds archives recognizing the person as the guilty party behind a web trick. The following day a secret witness messages the official similar archives. The reports are acceptable as proof in light of the fact that there was a free hotspot for the proof other than the illicit inquiry After showing up at the scene, I would have taken the course to the least extent liable to upset proof, taking note of my course of movement. In the wake of checking the casualty for indications of life, (breathing and neck territory for beat). I would then have noticed the hour of appearance. Previously permitting the expulsion of the person in question (Mr. Williams), I would have captured his situation at the scene and got all physical proof from casualty. In the wake of advising order, I would then demand help, and start by making a video copying of the wrongdoing scene which would incorporate video tape shots of the proof being gathered, and looking at the casualty at scene. I would then start sorting out the pursuit by receiving a particular arrangement, allotting assignments territories of search to singular officials. One official would be relegated to gather, imprint and transport things found. I would then execute the pursuit via cautiously following the arranged doled out errands. Next, by stamping and capturing the area of articles discovered, for example, the blade, idle fingerprints, impressions, device marks, hair, parts of material, catches, cigarette butts, bloodstains, and so forth. The entirety of this would be done while the group is sitting tight for the court order to show up. References Hendrie, Edward M. /FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin; Sep97, Vol. 66 Issue 9, p26 McManus, Brian C. /Defense Counsel Journal; Apr2003, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p540 (Mincey v. Arizona 437 US 385 (1978). State v. Pearson, 234 Kan. 906, 631 P. 2d 605 (1984); Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412. Thompson v Louisiana 469 US 17 (1984). S. 218, 225-26, 93 S. Ct. 2041, 36 L. Ed. 2d, 854 (1973).

20 M?rk?t P?n?tr?ti?n Str?t?gi?? F?r Building A Pr?fit?bl? Business Qui?kly

20 M?rk?t P?n?tr?ti?n Str?t?gi?? F?r Building A Pr?fit?bl? Business Qui?kly Market penetration i? often u??d to d???rib? th? ?xt?nt to which a ?r?du?t ?r service i? kn?wn t? ??t?nti?l ?u?t?m?r? and how m?n? consumers ??tu?ll? bu? th? ?r?du?t ?r service.F?r ?x?m?l?, if th? target market for your skateboard ?h?? ?r? males b?tw??n th? ages ?f 10 ?nd 25, but in r??lit?, ?nl? 5 ??r??nt of that t?rg?t market ??tu?ll? buy skateboards, th?t 5 ??r??nt share ?f consumers th?t ??ur ?k?t?b??rd ?h?? has managed to attract is described ?? the market penetration of the ?h?? in that target m?rk?t.Th?r?f?r?, market ??n?tr?ti?n ??n b? ??id t? be a m???ur? ?f th? ?m?unt of ??l?? or ?d??ti?n ?f a ?r?du?t ?r ??rvi?? compared t? th? t?t?l theoretical m?rk?t for th?t ?r?du?t ?r ??rvi??.In ?dditi?n, m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ??n also in?lud? th? activities th?t are used to in?r???? th? m?rk?t share ?f a particular ?r?du?t ?r service.Here’s another ?x?m?l?, if there ?r? 300 million ????l? in a ??untr? and 65 milli?n of those ????l? h?v? ??ll ?h?n??, then th? m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n of cell ?h ?n?? w?uld be approximately 22%.In theory, there ?r? ?till 235 million m?r? ??t?nti?l ?u?t?m?r? f?r ??ll?h?n??, whi?h may be a g??d ?ign of gr?wth f?r ??ll?h?n? m?k?r?.In g?n?r?l, older ?ff?ring? ?r indu?tri?? h?v? gr??t?r m?rk?t penetrations, but n?w industries with the right strategy ??uld ?ggr???iv?l? g?in m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n in n? time.M?rk?t penetration encompasses th? ??tiviti?? u??d t? g?in additional market ?h?r?, such as ?dv?rti?ing ?nd price ?h?ng??, ?nd it serves ?? a measurement for th? ?m?unt of m?rk?t ?h?r?.M?RK?T P?N?TR?TI?N STR?T?GI?? F?R BUILDING A PROFITABLE BU?IN??? QUI?KLY1. P?n?tr?ti?n Pri?ing Penetration pricing i? a type of ?ri?ing ?tr?t?g? often u??d b? retailers t? ???tiv?t? new ?u?t?m?r? to a new r?t?il?r, ?r?du?t or ??t?g?r?.According t? this ?tr?t?g?, th? initi?l price of a ?r?du?t i? low t? ??r?u?d? ?u?t?m?r? to ?h???? the n?w brand. M?rk?t share growth ?r creating m?rk?t f?r a brand new ?r?du?t i? the m?j?r g??l ?f ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing.After thi? ?bj??tiv ? i? ??hi?v?d, r?t?il?r? u?u?ll? in?r???? ?ri???.Th? penetration ?tr?t?g? u?u?ll? w?rk? best f?r a n?w product on a m?rk?t. Especially if it’? a market with tin? diff?r?nti?ti?n of ?r?du?t? (?.g. hi-t??h ?l??tr?ni??), ?nd high ?ri?? elasticity ?f customer’s d?m?nd.In ??ntr??t to price ?kimming ?tr?t?g?, wh?r? the price starts high but th?n is ?l?wl? r?du??d to gr?z? diff?r?nt ??gm?nt? of the m?rk?t t? m?int?in ?r?fit?bilit? ?v?r a ??ri?d, penetration ?ri?ing b?gin? ?t a l?w cost.Instead of th? b??i? idea of the law ?f demand ?nd ?u??l?, wh?r? the ?m?ll?r th? price, th? bigg?r th? d?m?nd ?f g??d?, price ??n?tr?ti?n b?gin? ?t a l?w ?ri??, and th?n it ri??? with th? h???? th?t th? d?m?nd in?r????? t??. The id?? i? t? ?x??nd m?rk?t ?h?r? and gr?du?ll? increase ?ri??? ?v?r tim?.T?k?, for ?x?m?l?, discount ?t?r?? (e.g. Walmart), wholesalers (like, SaleHoo) ?nd h??k-?nd-b?it m?nuf??tur?r? (e.g. printers ?r r?z?r?) u?? ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing in a ??u?l? ?f w???.First, they u?? it t? sell n ?w ?r?du?t? in th?ir ?t?r?? b? ?dv?rti?ing how low th?ir ?ri??? are ??m??r?d t? ?th?r stores. Th?? d? this in h???? th?t th? ?u?t?m?r? will ?ur?h??? f?w items u??n ?nt?ring the ?t?r?.Alth?ugh th?? w?uld b? losing funds on th? new ?r?du?t, th?? would b? getting m?r? customers into th? ?t?r?.Additi?n?ll?, th?? u?? ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing t? undersell th?ir established ??m??titi?n.On?? th??’v? ???ur?d ?nd ?x??nd?d th?ir customer b???, th?? gr?du?ll? ?t?rt raising ?ri???. Th? explanation is that often th? initi?l ?ri??? intr?du??d via penetration ?ri?ing don’t giv? a great deal ?f profitability since th? m?rgin? ?r? g?n?r?ll? v?r? slim.As a result, th? bu?in??? needs to r?i?? ?ri??? ?v?r time in ?rd?r t? b? able to offer th?ir products and ??rvi??? m?r? profitably.Wh?n ??ming into a n?w m?rk?t, th? penetration ?ri?ing ???r???h is ?ru?i?l since it’s u??ful when d?t?rmining wh?th?r th? ?r?du?t can capture a ???ur? m?rk?t rate.Despite not m?king any ?h?ng? t? the ??m??n?’? m?rk?ting st rategy, it h?? ?n unim?gin?bl? ??t?nti?l f?r b?th profit ?nd r?v?nu? growth.Ex?m?l? ?f ?ri?? ??n?tr?ti?nSm?rt Ph?n? Pr?vid?r?Let’s t?k? f?r ?x?m?l?, tw? m?j?r ?m?rt ?h?n? operating systems th?t u?? v??tl? diff?r?nt ?ri?ing ?tr?t?gi??.Android ?im? for gr??t?r market penetration with a ??n?tr?ti?n scheme. Andr?id phones are available at a ?t??? di???unt, in the hopes that users will b???m? loyal t? th? brand.Thi? ???r???h ?l?? opens a wid?r r?ng? ?f ??n?um?r? u? to the Android m?rk?t?l???, whil? A??l? ?mbr???? a skimming ?tr?t?g?, ?r?viding high-???t products that skim a ?m?ll market ?h?r? ?ff the top.A r?l?t?d penetration ?tr?t?g? ???ul?r ?m?ng ?m?rt phone ?r?vid?r? also u??? ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing. In thi? ??h?m?, providers ??ll ?h??? ?r free ?m?rt ?h?n?? in r?turn f?r long-term ??ntr??t with ?u?t?m?r?.Consumers get excited ?b?ut th? ?h??? ?h?n?, ?nd f?il t? n?ti?? th?t th? contract costs mu?h m?r? in th? long-term th?n the ?h?n? w?uld.DVD R?nt?l?A Frid?? night tri? t? a vid?? or DVD rental ?h?? w?? a f?mil? tradition ??r??? th? nation f?r ?t least a g?n?r?ti?n. When N?tflix ?nt?r?d the market, it had t? convince ??n?um?r? t? w?it a day or tw? t? r???iv? th?ir movies. To ????m?li?h this g??l, it offered introductory subscription ?ri??? as l?w as a dollar.The ?ri?ing ?tr?t?g? w?? so ?ff??tiv? that tr?diti?n?l providers such as Bl??kbu?t?r ???n w?r? edged ?ut ?f th? m?rk?t.Giv??w??? ?nd BOGOsGiv??w??? ?nd buy-one, g?t-?n? (BOGO) ??l?? can ?n??ur?g? consumers t? ???nd more money th?n th?? otherwise would. Th??? ??l?? ??n also b? ?n ?x?m?l? ?f ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing.M?nuf??tur?r? may ??ntr??t with m?r?h?nt? t? ?ff?r a n?w ?r?du?t f?r fr?? with th? ?ur?h??? ?f a related ?r?du?t. The m?nuf??tur?r temporarily loses m?n??, but d??? ?? in th? h???? ?f ?r??ting int?r??t in th? n?w ?r?du?t.Popular FoodsMany new foods intr?du?? themselves t? th? m?rk?t with a ??n?tr?ti?n ?ri?ing ?tr?t?g?. S?m? bu?in????? ?v?n giv? ???k?g?? ?f n?w products away by, for example, sponsoring even ts and ?r?viding ??m?l? ???k? to attendees.In ?n? n?t?bl? ?u?h ?x?m?l?, Frit?-L?? intr?du??d St?x t? th? m?rk?t in 2003. The brand w?? a dir??t ??m??tit?r t? th? well-established Pringles lin? ?f ?hi??.To dr?w more bu?in???, the ??m??n? ?ff?r?d the ?hi?? ?t a ?t??? di???unt ?f $0.69 per ??ni?t?r. This ??rn?d th? br?nd ?r?min?nt di??l?? l???ti?n? ?t m?n? r?t?il?r?. When th? ?hi?? h?d full? ??n?tr?t?d th? m?rk?t, th? price quickly rose t? w?ll above $1.2. More Pr?m?ti?nS?m?tim?? th? r????n wh? a ??m??n? d???n’t have a very big market share i? b???u?? people ju?t d?n’t know ?b?ut wh?t a company h?? t? ?ff?r.Wh?n thi? happens, a m?rk?ting or advertising ??m??ign m?? b? u??d t? in?r???? m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n. Pr?m?ti?n? can t?k? on a numb?r ?f diff?r?nt f?rm?: ??l??, ??nt??t?, or segment specific offers are ?ll ways th?t a bigger m?rk?t ?h?r? ??n b? ?bt?in?d.Many ?r?m?ti?n? ?r? ?h?rt-liv?d ?nd ?n??ur?g? ?u?t?m?r? t? ??m? b??k l?t?r to purchase ?t a full price b???u?? th??’v? b??n able to ?x??ri?n?? th? v?lu? of the ?r?du?t fir?t-h?nd.3. Enh?n??d DistributionCu?t?m?r ??gm?nt? m?? l?v? th? product. Th?? may w?nt to purchase th? product in dr?v??. With?ut th? right di?tributi?n ?h?nn?l? in ?l???, h?w?v?r, th? l?v?l? ?f market ??n?tr?ti?n th?t could b? ??hi?v?d can never be full? realized.A ??m??n? th?t may ??ll fr?m a ?t?r?fr?nt only might choose t? ?r??t? ?n e-commerce ?it? wh?r? th?? ??uld ?hi? their ?r?du?t? ?r?und th? world.Dir??t mail companies might ?h???? t? in?lud? telemarketing ?? a w?? t? increase th?ir market ??n?tr?ti?n. An ?nlin? ?nl? company might ???n u? a physical ?t?r?.Th? k?? t? making thi? example w?rk i? that th? n?w distribution strategy t? th? t?rg?t?d ?u?t?m?r segments mu?t b? completely diff?r?nt.If Am?z?n w?r? to ???n u? another w?b?it? th?t ??ld th? same thing?, th?? w?uld ju?t be dividing th?ir customer base.On th? ?th?r h?nd, if Am?z?n began t? ???n u? ?t?r?? in local m?ll? around the world, th?? ??uld r???h more customers m?r? fr??u?ntl ?.4. Improved Goods ?r S?rvi???If an ?ff?r i? b?ginning to stall out ?r th? ?r?du?t? ?r? b?ginning to b???m? ?t?l?, then improving th? ?ff?r can r?n?w the levels ?f ?x?it?m?nt for it ?nd increase th? ?v?r?ll market ??n?tr?ti?n.Y?u’ll see thi? m?th?d used in grocery ?t?r?? all th? time t?d??.20% m?r? than ?ur ?t?nd?rd 8 ?un?? box.New ?nd im?r?v?d fl?v?r?.A b?tt?r r??i??.Th? g??l is ?im?l?: g?t ?u?t?m?r? wh? h?v? l?ft f?r different ?r?du?t? to ??m? b??k ?nd try th? it?m once again. Sometimes the product itself d???n’t h?v? t? be ?lt?r?d t? bring ?b?ut the perception ?f im?r?v?m?nt.A b?tt?r ?r?du?t design ??n make ?n it?m m?r? attractive. R?br?nding can ?r??t? ?x?it?m?nt. B? ?r??ting m?r? ?????l, th? perception of improvement i? sometimes ju?t ?? v?lu?bl? ?? a real improvement.Product Im?r?v?m?nt?Th? m??t widely u??d m?rk?t penetration ?tr?t?g? “Pr?du?t Improvements”. Im?r?v?m?nt? in ?r?du?t?/ services are im??r?tiv? t? ?ttr??t t?rg?t ?u?t?m?r? and ??hi?v? high market ??n?tr?ti ?n. By im?r?ving th? ?u?lit?, the businesses ?r? able t? ?ut??rf?rm competitors ?nd are ?bl? t? m??t/ exceed ?u?t?m?r?’ ?x???t?ti?n? which r??ult? in attracting n?w ?u?t?m?r? and increased sales. Th? im?r?v?m?nt? in products can r?g?n?r?t? ??n?um?r?’ int?r??t in f?iling ?r declining products / ??rvi???, th? ?h?ng? could either b? in ???k?ging m?t?ri?l, design ?f products ?r th? w?? a ??rvi?? i? r?nd?r?d. The change whether big ?r small ?r ?f any kind ?h?uld b? significant ?n?ugh to b? n?ti??d by ?u?t?m?r?.A company ??n also ??hi?v? higher ??l?? if it is ?bl? to increase th? u??g? of it? ?r?du?t? by ?xi?ting ?u?t?m?r b???. It ??n b? ??hi?v?d by r??idl? ?h?nging th? t??hn?l?gi?? which will ultimately ?n??ur?g? u??r? t? u?gr?d? th? ?r?du?t.5. ComparisonsIf you n??d t? ?t?nd out fr?m ??ur competition in ?rd?r t? in?r???? ??ur market penetration, th?n a dir??t ??m??ri??n m?k?? a l?t ?f ??n??.C?m??r? your goods ?r services t? those ?f th? ??m??titi?n. Sh?w th? customer b??? why wh?t ? ?u’v? got i? b?tt?r th?n what the competition h??.Wh?n all things ?r? ??u?l, ??ur ??r??n?lit? ?nd h?w ??u deliver a product can b? the ?n? small ?h?ng? th?t i? n??????r? t? giv? you th? competitive ?dg?.H?ving a deeper market ??n?tr?ti?n m??n? having the chance t? earn m?r? revenues ?v?r? year. U?? th??? ?x?m?l?? t? im?r?v? ??ur m?rk?t ?h?r? ?nd ??u may b? ?ur?ri??d ?t h?w m?n? ?f ??ur ?u?t?m?r segments w?nt to experience wh?t ??u h?v?.6. Pri?? Adju?tm?nt?This market ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?g? ??n?id?r?d ?? th? star of all th? market penetration strategies. Price Adju?tm?nt i? considered ?? th? most h??vil? d??l???d m?rk?ting ?tr?t?g?.Wh?n a company peruses this ?tr?t?g? th? prices of ?r?du?t? undergo r?du?ti?n. Thi? strategy ?n?bl?? th? company to ?ttr??t price sensitive consumers and ?im? at g?ining ??n?tr?ti?n thr?ugh l?rg? sales v?lum? ?f a product. Th? goal i? to divert th? attention ?f ?u?t?m?r? fr?m ??m??tit?r’? products t? company’s ?r?du?t?.H?w?v?r, th? r??ult? ??n b? ??t?? tr??hi? f?r a C?m??n? if th? ?tr?t?g? i? not ?x??ut?d ?r???rl?.When th? prices ?r? dropped the m?rgin? also dr??, if th? r?du?ti?n i? n?t ?u??l?m?nt?d by in?r????d ??l?? volume th?n ?ith?r the ?r?du?t would n??d m?difi??ti?n? or the ?ri??? n??d t? b? r??dju?t?d ?g?in.Pri?? ?dju?tm?nt? ??n ?l?? ?ff??t br?nd ?nd ?r?du?t positioning.7. M?rk?t D?v?l??m?ntMarket d?v?l??m?nt considered ?? th? k?? to m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?gi??. M?rk?t development m??n? expanding t? n?w ??t?nti?l u??r?.The t?rg?t? ?f thi? ??n?tr?ti?n strategy ?r? th? people wh? have never b?ught ??m??n?’? ?r?du?t? ?r ??rvi???. Th? company adds n?w ????l? t? it? potential ?u?t?m?r b??? and in?r????? the boundaries ?f it? m?rk?t.A ??m??n? can ?l?? add ????l? t? it? u??r base by ?ggr???iv?l? t?rg?ting developing/new m?rk?t? ?r b? identifying new segments in th? ?urr?nt market, h?w?v?r, before entering/developing new market, assessment of all associated ri?k? i? a key factor ?? if th? ?r?fit ??t?nti?l ?f ?u?h m?rk?t is l?w th?n th? result will be loss ?f tim? and m?n??.Only the company th?t i? ?ur? ?b?ut the ?r?fit g?n?r?ti?n capability of its product and is ??nfid?nt th?t th? ?r?du?t w?uld be ?bl? ?????l t? consumers ?h?uld ?mb?rk u??n M?rk?t development ?tr?t?g?.8. Increase r???hIf ??ur product i? ?h?nn?l driv?n, than in?r???ing th? r???h ?f ??ur ?r?du?t is the b??t m?rk?t penetration strategy t? sell better than th? ??m??titi?n.The w?? t? d? this i? t? find more channel dealers ?nd channel partners.The tri?k here i? t? keep th? channel ??rtn?r m?tiv?t?d ?t all times to d? bu?in??? with ??u.By increasing th? r???h, and having ??ur ?r?du?t? everywhere thr?ugh channel dealers and r?t?il?r?, ??u ensure th?t the ?u?t?m?r d??? n?t miss ?ut on your ?r?du?t and i? ?ur? t? g?t ??ur ?r?du?t wherever he g???, whi?h i? ?n?th?r sure shot w?? for market penetration.9. Increase u??g?By in?r???ing the u??g? ?f a ?r?du?t, you ??n in?r???? its ??n?um?ti?n thereby ??n?tr?ting th? m?rk?t ?v?n further.Thus, if ????l? ?t?rt ??ting a ???k?t of chips more ?ft?n because th??? ?hi?? ?r? m?rk?t?d h??vil? in th? ?r??, th? higher ??n?um?ti?n will increase th? market penetration.If you l??k at toothpaste br?nd?, th?? ?n??ur?g? tw? time u?? ?f toothbrush and t??th???t? n?t ?nl? b???u?? it is h?gi?ni?, because t??th???t? ??n?um?ti?n will h????n d?ubl? f??t if bru?hing is d?n? 2 times in a d??.10. Attract ??m??titi?n customers ?nd d??l?r?Th? ??l? wars ?r? the b??t example ?f ?ttr??ting ??m??titi?n ?u?t?m?r?.B? dropping th? ?ri?? in a giv?n ?r?? f?r th? di?tribut?r or t?rg?ting th? ?xi?ting dealers ?f ??m??titi?n products, ??u ??n increase ??ur market ??n?tr?ti?n b? d??r???ing the quantity ?f ?r?du?t? ??ld b? ??m??tit?r.Int?rn?ti?n?l Market Penetration Begins with BrandingW?l??m? to th? big l??gu?? where, for d???d??, only a ?m?ll h?ndful of the w?rld’? l?rg??t ??r??r?ti?n? had th? capacity t? ???r?t?. N?w that barriers to international tr?d? have toppled, ?nd advancements in mass communications m?di? h?v? ?n?bl?d small and midsized businesses t? ??m??t? ?n the international ???l?, it’s ????ibl? for virtu?ll? ?n? company t? ?x??nd th?ir br?nd m????g? beyond th? r?ng? of th?ir ??tu?l ??l?? footprint.Th?t means building ?n internationally r???gniz?d br?nd is a l?gitim?t? ????ibilit? for ?n in?r???ing numb?r ?f ??m??ni??. Of course, l?gitim??? in th?t sense will ?lw??? b? a ?r?du?t ?f diligent brand ?tr?t?g?.11. N?n u??r? to start th? ?r?du?tEn??ur?ging n?n users t? ?t?rt using the ?r?du?t is a t?ugh t??k and this i? wh?r? the m?rk?ting d???rtm?nt ?t??? in. Sm?ll?r r?frig?r?t?r? ?r mini b?r? in b?dr??m? wh?r? not th? n?rm.But b? ?r?du?t ?l???m?nt ?tr?t?gi?? ?nd b? in?r???ing awareness, m?n? ????l? h?v? started k???ing mini bars in their b?d rooms th?r?b? m?king non users ?? “users” of the product mini b?r.Thu?, there ?r? numerous market penetration ?tr?t?gi?? ?nd t??ti??. However, th??? t??ti?? will implement best when ??u u?? multi?l? t??ti?? t?g?th?r. Like in?r???ing the reach ? f th? ?r?du?t should lik? b? ????m??ni?d with increasing th? ?r?m?ti?n?.B? in?r???ing th? ?r?m?ti?n?, you are in?r???ing th? usage ?nd also ?ttr??ting competition customers.12. Give Your C?m??n? P?r??n?lit?One way t? compete with bigg?r ?l???r? i? to giv? ??ur company a personality, ?? ??n?um?r? ??? ?h???ing with you ?? a little bit ????i?l.Many mi?r?br?w?ri?? ?r? m??t?r? ?f this ?tr?t?g?.The company profiles ?nd advertisements d???rib? h?w they b?g?n, wh? th?? care about b??r, why theyre dedicated to bringing ??u th? b??t b??r ?v?r.Other br?w?r? ?dd to the company l?g?nd b? w??ving th?m??lv?? deeply int? the ??mmunit?, b???ming as local ?? ????ibl?.13. Off?r Something Diff?r?ntIf ??ur product or ??rvi?? h?? some ?u?lit? th?t ?t?nd? ?ut from th? ??m??titi?n, th?t? a g??d t??l f?r m?rk?t penetration. Unil?v?r, f?r ?x?m?l?, ??ll? Dove Cream B?r? at a higher ?ri?? th?n th? ?v?r?g? soap.What m?k?? that ????ibl? i? th?t Unil?v?r emphasizes the ????? arent h?r?h ?r ?kin-dr?ing, whi?h ???? ?l? t? ?u?t?m?r? m?r? concerned with moisturizing th?n merely cleaning.Coupled with an ?ggr???iv? ??l?? campaign, Dove Cr??m? distinctive qualities have ?r?v?n a winn?r.14. Upsurge U??g?A very potent m?th?d ?f m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n i? th?t ?f increased u??g? of ?n? ?r?du?t ?r ??rvi??.If a m?rk?ting promotion campaign i? ?ff??tiv?l? delivered at a ????ifi? ?r??, then it w?uld l??d t? an u??urg? in product use which w?uld thus lead to better market ??n?tr?ti?n with the in?r???? in ??l?? figur??.15. Kn?wing Ri?k ?nd GrowthMost marketers wh?n?v?r think ?f growth, think of n?w launches. However, it is only ??rti?ll? tru?. A?tu?ll?, it can b? ri?k? t??. When a n?w ?r?du?t i? being l?un?h?d, th?r? ?xi?t? th? ri?k ?f it being successful ?r n?t.But, ?n ?ffi?i?nt di?tributi?n channel ?l?ng with a ?m??th d?liv?r? process m?k?? it sure that the ?r?du?t d??? m??t the ?x???t?ti?n?. Similarly, ?nt?ring a brand n?w ??gm?nt ?f the market ??n be risky ?? well.Th?r?f?r?, it i? ?b??lut?l? ????nti?l to kn? w your m?rk?t ?nd your ?r?du?t in order t? d? well and beyond ?x???t?ti?n?.An ?ff??tiv? way to d? this i? to ?r???rl? ??mmuni??t? with th? customers and b? ??n?itiv? t? their r??uir?m?nt? and w?nt?.16. Cr??t? b?rri?r? t? ?ntr?Wh?n it ??m?? t? ?d??ting ?tr?t?gi? ??ti?n?, it i? ?ru?i?l to l?v?r?g? ??ur business’s strengths in a correct and ju?t m?nn?r.F?r ?x?m?l?, b? minimizing your v?ri?bl? ???t?, ??u ??n b???t ??ur ??l?? ?nd ??t?bli?h a b?rri?r t? ?ntr? f?r ?th?r?.Thi? is why many firm? with ?u??ri?r t??hn?l?g? ?nd distinct ?r??????? are able to reduce variable costs ?nd earn better gross m?rgin? ??r it?m ??ld.With a ?ub?t?nti?l share in th? m?rk?t ?nd ?n ?ffi?i?nt marketing process, ??ur bu?in??? ??uld ?r??t? a b?rri?r to entry t? prevent ??m??tit?r? fr?m ??ming int? ??ur industry.E??n?mi? b?rri?r? t? entry ?r? ??rt ?f th? reason some companies thriv? ?nd ?th?r? f?il. L??rn wh?t b?rri?r? to ?ntr? are ?nd wh? th?? ?r? so im??rt?nt to understand b?f?r? entering a specific business or m?rk?t. Read about ??m? ?urr?nt-d?? examples.Wh?t Are the B?rri?r? to EntryBarriers t? ?ntr? are ?b?t??l?? th?t m?k? it diffi?ult to ?nt?r a giv?n m?rk?t. These hindr?n??? m?? in?lud? g?v?rnm?nt regulation ?nd ??t?nt?, t??hn?l?g? ?h?ll?ng??, ?t?rt-u? ???t?, or education and li??n?ing r??uir?m?nt?. L?t? di??u?? a f?w of th? m??t ??mm?n b?rri?r?.Types ?f B?rri?r? to Entr?G?v?rnm?nt R?gul?ti?nTh? g?v?rnm?nt m?? ??t as a barrier t? ?ntr? int? a certain market thr?ugh r??tri?tiv? li??n?ing requirements ?r limiting th? ?bilit? t? obtain raw materials. Bu?in????? ?r individuals l??king t? ?t?rt a business in a ??rti?ul?r fi?ld may be r??uir?d t? g?t a li??n?? or ?th?r g?v?rnm?nt ???r?v?l in ?rd?r to carry on with bu?in???. F?r ?x?m?l?, ??u may want t? ?t?rt ??ur own r?di? n?tw?rk but u??n furth?r r????r?h learn there ?r? ??v?r?l government hurdles and costs t? ?tt?in ?nd broadcast ?n a ??rti?ul?r r?di? w?v?l?ngth.St?rt-U? C??t?High start-up costs can k??? n?w firm? from entering an indu ?tr?. C?n ??u im?gin? tr?ing to g?t into th? car m?nuf??turing bu?in???? The ?m?unt ?f ???it?l n??d?d t? bu? th? building?, machinery, ??? th? workforce, ?nd so ?n ?ll ??rv? as a barrier t? entry.T??hn?l?g?S?m?tim?? it i? difficult t? ?nt?r a particular fi?ld ?r bu?in??? b???u?? th? t??hn?l?g? you need to b? successful is ?r?t??t?d b? a ??t?nt. Th?r?f?r?, ??u cant u?? it or ?r? left to tr? and develop a n?w t??hn?l?g? that may require lots ?f m?n?? to d?v?l??.E??n?mi?? ?f ScaleThe ?xi?t?n?? ?f ???n?mi?? of scale can ?l?? be a barrier. Economies of ???l? ?r? the g?in? in efficiency ?nd l?w?r ?r?du?ti?n costs th?t often result fr?m a company growing l?rg?r ?nd l?rg?r. Since ?xi?ting firm? ?r? ?lr??d? ?r?du?ing, they ?r? ?ft?n b?tt?r-???iti?n?d t? undercut ?n price. L?t? im?gin? ??u w?nt?d t? ?t?rt ?n automobile ??m??n?. Ev?n if ??u b?ught a f?w buildings, hir?d a w?rkf?r??, and ?bt?in?d the machinery n??d?d, d? you think ??u could ?r?du?? a ?imil?r car ?t the ??m? cost ?? F?rd, GM, or Toyota?17. Be uni?u? ?nd think differentlyAlth?ugh, th? ?ntir? ?r????? of m?rk?t penetration ???m? ?im?l? ?nd m?n?t?n?u?, yet it’? a big ?h?ll?ng? if you ??r??iv? it to be. T? ?v?r??m? th? challenge, you need t? be more unique ?nd highl? inn?v?tiv? in your ???r???h.A r???titiv? ??lling strategy would yield unsatisfactory r??ult? ?nd hind?r ??ur gr?wth potential.S?, it w?uld b? b?tt?r t? think diff?r?nt ?nd m?dif? your penetration tactics ?? ?nd wh?n required. By b?ing more inn?v?tiv? and ?dding v?lu? to ??ur ?r?du?t? you ?nh?n?? ??ur success ?h?n???.S?m? actions ??u ??uld ??n?id?r t? be unique ?r?:Edu??t? ??ur ?u?t?m?r? â€" This i? im??rt?nt ?? m?n? tim?? ????l? ?r? un?w?r? ?f th? ?u?lit? ?f the ?r?du?t and how it ??uld be ?f use t? them.M?k? purchasing ???i?r â€" M?n? ?u?????ful businesses l?nd a credit facility t? th?ir customers ?nd thu? increase th? ?u?t?m?r?’ ability t? bu?.Wid?n th? di?tributi?n network â€" M?king your ?r?du?t ?v?il?bl? ?t m?r? l???ti?n? and better delive ry and service ??ti?n? ??n also significantly b???t ??ur sales figures.Generate r?f?rr?l? â€" If ??u ??n ?n??ur?g? ??ur ?u?t?m?r? t? give referrals, it w?uld ??rt?int? ?ff??t your ?h?n??? ?f ??l??. For ?x?m?l?, ??u can ?ff?r gift ??u??n? or reward ??int? t? th??? customers whose r?f?rr?l? do actually get converted.Ch?nging ?r?du?t designs â€" B? making th? ?r?du?t in a m?r? u??r-fri?ndl? m?nn?r, your ?h?n??? of ??l?? ??nv?r?i?n ?ignifi??ntl? g?t a lift. For ?x?m?l?, you ??uld make a lengthy n?v?l a paperback one in?t??d of a h?rdb?und ?n?.18. DiversificationThe ?r?du?t ??n?tr?ti?n t??ti? ?f div?r?ifi??ti?n entails m?nuf??turing n?w ?r?du?t? f?r new markets. Th? strategy ?f div?r?ifi??ti?n is u?u?ll? f?ll?w?d wh?n?v?r, there i? saturation in th? current m?rk?t ?r wh?n ?nvir?nm?nt?l ?h?ng?? ?u?h ?? ???i?t?l, economic, technological ?r r?gul?t?r? m?k? it v?r? h?rd t? g?n?r?t? n?w sales in th??? markets.Thi? strategy i? most ??mm?nl? f?ll?w?d b? those businesses in the h??lth ???t?r, ?u ?h ?? hospitals. H???it?l? have n?w div?r?ifi?d their ??rvi??? in th? form ?f l?ng-t?rm care facilities, reimbursement, n?tw?rk r?f?rr?l? ?nd utiliz?ti?n.Th??? firm? th?t have div?r?ifi?d ?n ????rtuniti?? of th?ir strengths h?v? b??n able t? g?in th? most.19. Strategic Alli?n???For some organizations, it i? diffi?ult du? to ?n? ?r m?r? reasons t? ?nt?r n?w m?rk?t?. To ??lv? ?u?h ?n i??u?, m?n? ?f th??? organizations ?nt?r int? a kind ?f strategic ?lli?n??? with one ?n?th?r t? ???r?t? in a ??rti?ul?r m?rk?t.Alth?ugh ?tr?t?gi? alliances can b? formed int? m?n? forms, th? more common ?n? i? th? j?int v?ntur? bu?in???, in which ???h ??rtn?r business h?ld? ?n ??uit? ???iti?n.Th? m??t ??mm?n ?nd n?tur?l strategic ?lli?n??? ?r? found in th? ?h?rm???uti??l industry.20. P?rtn?r With Other BusinessesTeamwork i? ?lw??? m?r? ?ff??tiv? than ?ingul?r ?ff?rt, and combining resources with another business ??n h?l? you d? things you ??uld never ????m?li?h ?n your ?wn.It’s t??i??ll? best t? t?rg?t companies in ??ur l???l ?r??, even if your ?li?nt?l? i?n’t l???l. Y?ur goal i? to w?rk ?ut a complementary arrangement that ?r?vid?? mutu?l b?n?fit f?r b?th bu?in?????.Some j?int v?ntur? examples include:A PPC ?g?n?? could ??rtn?r with a CRO agency t? r?f?r clients t? ???h ?th?r.A ??ff?? shop could offer free ??ff?? vouchers to a plumbing ??m??n?’? customers.A marketing ??m??n? could ??rtn?r with ?n ????unting firm t? r???mm?nd ???h ?th?r’? ??rvi??? during n?w ?li?nt ?n b??rding.A beauty th?r??i?t ??uld ?ff?r fr?? m?ni?ur?? for a h?ir ?t?li?t’? ?li?nt?.Th?r? i? r??ll? n? limit to wh?t’? possible. Sim?l? id?ntif? ?r????v?r in ??ur ?udi?n?? and a n?n-??m??tit?r’? audience and th?n find a w?? t? tap into th?t crossover in a mutu?ll? b?n?fi?i?l way.The Ch?ll?ng?? ?f M?rk?t PenetrationM?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n is supposed to be a l?w-ri?k bu?in??? gr?wth strategy t??i??ll? ??nt?r?d ?r?und in?r???ing marketing and ??l?? ?ff?rt?, and ??m?tim?? in?r???ing th? number of business l???ti? n? in the int?r??t ?f capturing gr??t?r ?h?r?? ?f ?n ?xi?ting customer b???.Done w?ll, market ??n?tr?ti?n yields v?lu?bl? g?in? in m?rk?t ?h?r?.H?w?v?r, lik? any l?w-ri?k endeavor, m?rk?t penetration h?? limits.F?r instance, b?f?r? ?nt?ring a n?w m?rk?t, businesses mu?t devote time ?nd resources t? ??tim?t? th?ir m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ??t?nti?lâ€"th? primary ?nd secondary r????r?h ?t?g?? ?r?vi?u?l? d???rib?d.And in th? ?nd, if it i? determined th?t a n?w m?rk?t shows th? lik?lih??d ?f profitable market ??n?tr?ti?n ??t?nti?l, a business ?h?uld t?k? it ?? a giv?n th?t th? m?rk?t will eventually reach th? ??int ?f ??tur?ti?n. Th? r????r?h finding? may even r?v??l a ?r?di?t?bl? tim?t?bl? f?r that.At th?t ??int th?r? i? n? other ?h?i?? but t? shift f??u? int? ?th?r ?r?? lik? th? development ?f n?w m?rk?t?.ADVANTAGES OF MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGIESM??t m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?gi?? m?k? b?n?fit ?f r?du??d ?ri??? t? u??urg? ?r?du?t d?m?nd ?nd in?r???? ??ur m?rk?t ?h?r?.A? th? demand for ??ur ?r?du?t in?r?????, ??ur business ??v?? money ?n product manufacturing ???t? due t? the l?rg?r v?lum? ?f ?r?du??.M?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?g? i?n’t g?ing t? w?rk for ?ll ?r?du?t? and ?ll t???? ?f bu?in?????.S?, ??m? ??m??ni?? utiliz? diff?r?nt m?rk?ting ?tr?t?gi?? than the normal t? be m?r? ?ff??tiv?. Th??? advantages in?lud?:F??t Gr?wthIf ??ur bu?in??? ?nd m?rk?ting objective i? t? ?nl?rg? your ??n?um?r base, th?n m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n is th? m??t ?ff??tiv? way t? ??t. Wh?n ??u ?ff?r better ?ri??? th?n ??ur ??m??tit?r?, luring out their ?u?t?m?r? becomes ???i?r th?t ?r?vi?u?l? ?x???t?d.C?n???u?ntl?, f??t gr?wth is heavily link?d with l?w prices, ?nd the more reasonable they ?r?, the higher th? im???t will b?.E??n?mi? AdvantagesD?finit?l?, it’? a r????n?ibl? ??ll, but market ??n?tr?ti?n ??n bring ???t advantages if ??ur bu?in??? d?v?l??m?nt g??? the w?? ??u ?r?di?t?d ?nd h???d.L?w ?ri??? th?t gu?r?nt?? customer b??? gr?wth, m??n? th?t ??u can in?r???? th? ?u?ntit? ?f ?r?du?t? ?rd?r? d fr?m the supplier, whi?h will result in high?r ?r?fit? gained from l?w prices.Furth?rm?r?, some ??m??ni?? ri?k m?r? ?nd first bu? ?r?du?t? in bulk (for di???unt?) ?nd th?n implement th? penetration pricing ?tr?t?g?.C?mb?t C?m??tit?r?One ?f th? best parts ?f th? m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?g? is ??mb?ting ??ur ??m??tit?r?.Im?gin?, ??u h?v? numerous ??m??tit?r? that ?r? trying to ?v?lv? ?nd ?r?gr???, th?? are ?t??ling ?u?t?m?r? fr?m you that results in l?w?ring ??ur profits and r?v?nu?. S?, considering that ??u’r? willing to ?t?? as the m?rk?t leader, th? ?nl? ?h?i?? you have i? to ?ut?l?? th?m.F?r instance, l?w u?fr?nt ?ri??? will oblige ??ur competitors t? ?hift to ?lt?rn?tiv? ?tr?t?gi?? with different ?ri?? regulations. This way, ??ur ??m??n? will ?ttr??t th? lost consumers ?nd it’ll ?ut competitors on d?f?n?? ?r th? ?dg? ?f l??ving th? m?rk?t.Under ArmourM?rk?t penetration r??uir?? strong execution in ?ri?ing, ?r?m?ti?n, ?nd di?tributi?n in ?rd?r t? grow market ?h?r?.Und?r Arm? ur i? a g??d ?x?m?l? of a company th?t h?? d?m?n?tr?t?d ?u?????ful market penetration. The ??m??n? sells performance ????r?l, ?nd in r???nt ???r? it h?? ?ur?????d Adid?? t? b???m? the numb?r-tw? ?thl?ti?-w??r provider in th? U.S.The company has ??r?i?t?ntl? f??u??d on ??lling athletic f??tw??r, ?l?thing, ?nd ???????ri??, and w?? ?bl? to ???tur? a leadership ???iti?n in th? m?rk?t with that ?tr?t?g?.Throughout 2014, Under Armour fuelled its gr?wth b? f??u?ing largely ?n promotion, di?tributi?n, and consistent ?r?du?t. A? a r??ult th? ??m??n? could claim major successâ€"especially r?l?tiv? t? m?j?r ??m??tit?r? Nik? ?nd Adidasâ€"in th? fight f?r it? ?h?r? ?f the fitness apparel m?rk?t.Lik? Nik?, Under Arm?ur’? has been v?r? ?ff??tiv? ?t d?v?l??ing inspiring ?dv?rti??m?nt? that feature well-known m?l? ?nd female ?thl?t??.DISADVANTAGES OF MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGYUnm?t Pr?du?ti?n C??t?It’? n?t ?lw??? ????ibl? t? l?w?r the product price ?? ??u will. S?m?tim??, ?r?du?t? ?r? ?x??n?iv? to ?r??t? and ?m?ll bu?in????? tend t? ?truggl? while trying to ?r?du?? ?n?ugh t? lower th? ?r?du?ti?n ?nd ?r?du?t ?ri??. It b???m?? more ??m?l?x wh?n competing with l?rg? firm?.Under these circumstances, it would be wi??r for small companies t? f??u? ?n ?r?du?t packaging, marketing ??m??ign, ?nd public im?g? because it has the potential t? b? as effective ?? l?w ?ri???.Mi???d OpportunitiesBrands that produce luxury products ?ft?n make mi?t?k?? lik? m?rk?ting it ?? a ?h??? it?m. Customers wh? love luxur? ?r?du?t? will definitely avoid th? ?r?du?t whi?h w?? m?rk?t?d ?? a “?h??? luxur?.”S?, if ??u’r? f??u??d on luxur? products k??? in mind that l?w?r ?ri??? might m?k? it l??k disappointing.P??r C?m??n? ImageIf ??ur ??m??n? h?? ??v?r?l product lin?? (th?t in?lud?? a luxury lin?), th?n using m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?g? might b? h?rmful.F?r instance, if ??u im?l?m?nt a market penetration ?tr?t?g? f?r a single product, it may b?dl? r?fl??t on th? r??t ?f your ?r?du?t lin??. F?r a b ?tt?r understanding, if th? l?rg? numb?r ?f ??ur ?u?t?m?r b??? becomes f?mili?r with th? cheap ?r?du?t, it’s highly ????ibl? th?t everyone will f?rg?t th?t th? firm also ?r?du??? luxur? it?m?.S?, th? brand’s reputation ?? a luxur? ?r?du??r will shortly di??????r.Lowering Indu?tr? PricesMarket ??n?tr?ti?n strategy ??n h?rm th? ?ntir? ?rg?niz?ti?n. If competitors ??ll ?imil?r ?r?du?t? and ?n? ?f th?m d??id?? to l?w?r prices, it’s n?tur?l th?t others will try t? m?t?h th?m t? ?r??t? a balance and ?v?id ??n?um?r ?hifting.Furthermore, the ??m??tit?r th?t was first to l?w?r prices, will have to continue doing th? ??m? in ?rd?r to m?int?in its m?rk?t l??d?r?hi?. S?, the results ??n b? ??v?r? b???u?? ??m??tit?r? might ?nd up ??lling th?ir ?r?du?t? ?t ?n ?xtr?m?l? l?w ?ri?? ?nd generate ?lm??t n? ?r?fit.L??k ?f R??ult?M?rk?t penetration ?tr?t?g? isn’t ?lw??? ?ff??tiv?, ?????i?ll? wh?n a company ?nt?r? ?n industry wh?r? ?ri??? ?r? ?lr??d? set low.For ?x?m?l?, wh?n prices are ?lr??d? l ?w, it m??n? th?t ??n?um?r? have ?lr??d? built trust towards ?n existing company, ?? ?nt?ring the market and tr?ing t? b??t th? ?ri?? of the ??m??tit?r is ?n in?ff??tiv? w?? t? ??t.A n?w company ?h?uld ??n??ntr?t? ?n gaining it? worthy ?l??? in th? industry, r?th?r th?n tr?ing t? b??t ?th?r’? l?w ?ri???.MARKET PENETRATION PLANNINGA solid m?rk?t penetration ?l?n begins with id?ntif?ing th? products or ??rvi??? th?t th? r????r?h will focus ?n.Thi? establishes th? ????? ?f th? ?rim?r? r????r?h project. Prim?r? r????r?h d?t? t??i??ll? ??m?? fr?m int?rn?l ?r?hiv?? lik? fin?n?i?l ?nd ??l?? r???rt?.The n?xt step is th? market r????r?h ?r?????, which t??i??ll? in?lud?? d?t? gathering, ?nd int?r?r?t?ti?n, ?? w?ll as th? compiling of ??m??tit?r d?t? with r?g?rd? t? ??rtin?nt ?r?du?t? ?nd/?r ??rvi???.The secondary ??m??tit?r r????r?h m?? be compiled fr?m trade publications, news m?di?, ?nd g?v?rnm?nt agencies such as th? SEC ?nd U.S. C?n?u? bur??u, ?m?ng other sources. With th? findings from th? ?rim?r? and ????nd?r? research ?t?g?? in h?nd, it b???m?? possible t? f?rmul?t? a reliable market penetration plan.Ev?r? business h?? it’s ?wn ?uirk? ?nd nuances, ju?t lik? every m?rk?t. But th? fiv? ?t??? ?utlin?d below ?r? a g??d, g?n?r?l guideline f?r estimating ??t?nti?l market penetration.Big-Picture D?m?gr??hi?: Begin by thinking broadly ?b?ut ??t?nti?l ?u?t?m?r? in n?ti?n?l ??n?u? categories ?u?h as ?g?, g?nd?r, ?thni?it?, ?nd in??m?. Try t? d?t?rmin? where divi?i?n? ?nd overlaps m?? be. If potential customers ?r? limited t? ?n? g?nd?r or ?n?th?r, a ??rt?in income l?v?l, and/or ?thni?it?, ?nd fall within ??rt?in generational age, say mill?nni?l g?n?r?ti?n whit? w?m?n who ??rn m?r? th?n $70,000 ?nnu?ll?, for ?x?m?l?. Fr?m th?t ??int, ??u ??n ??l?ul?t? th? t?t?l numb?r ?f potential ?u?t?m?r? nationwide using U.S. Census d?t?.Imm?di?t? M?rk?t D?m?gr??hi?: Geography becomes increasingly important as a br?nd b?gin? to f??u? its m?rk?t penetration ?l?n. It may b? th?t th? n? w br?nd entering a giv?n m?rk?t h?? little ?r n? interest in marketing their ?r?du?t on th? national l?v?l. It’? ?l?? possible th?t the immediate m?rk?t ??uld be a statistical ?utli?r in t?rm? ?f d?m?gr??hi??. If, f?r ?x?m?l?, th? l???l ???ul?ti?n i? m?r? ?thni??ll? h?m?g?n?u? th?n national ?v?r?g??, ?r m?r? diverse in some r?????t, th?n it becomes im??rt?nt t? determine a m?r? f??u??d target d?m?gr??hi?. Knowing th? g?n?r?l area in geographic terms lik? radius helps t? d?t?rmin? the gross ???ul?ti?n ?f potential customers. Fr?m th?t ??int th? numb?r can be ?dju?t?d downward, b???ming m?r? ?nd m?r? accurate, b? a ?r????? of eliminating th??? wh??? ??n?ibiliti?? f?ll ?ut?id? the t?rg?t model. If, for ?x?m?l? th? imm?di?t? m?rk?t exists within a 20 mil? r?diu?, ?nd census data indi??t?? th?t 100,000 ????l? liv? within th?t r?diu?, but ???r?xim?t?l? h?lf ?f those are the wrong g?nd?r, th?n the numb?r of potential ?u?t?m?r? i? r?du??d t? ?b?ut 50,000, and ?? ?n.C?l?ul?ting R?ng?: Once th? total ?iz? of th? target market has b??n calculated, th? number ?f ??t?nti?l customers in the n?ti?n?l market ??n be added to th? numb?r of ??t?nti?l ?u?t?m?r? in the immediate market.Setting Reasonable Ex???t?ti?n?: Dr. M?rl?n? Jensen, and MBA professor ?t L??k H?v?n Univ?r?it? states in her b??k The Ev?r?thing Bu?in??? Pl?nning B??k: H?w t? Pl?n f?r Success in a N?w ?r Growing Business th?t it’s r????n?bl? to expect a consumer ?r?du?t t? ??hi?v? b?tw??n 2 ?nd 6 ??r??nt m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n, whil? th? reasonable r?ng? f?r a bu?in??? ?r?du?t i? between 20 and 40 ??r??nt. From there, th? d?t?rmin?d ???ul?ti?n numbers f?r the t?rg?t demographic can b? multi?li?d b? the numb?r? ?t ???h ?nd of th? m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n r?ng?â€"?ith?r 2 ?nd 6, or 20 ?nd 40 respectively. Th? resulting numb?r? giv? th? ??tim?t?d m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n r?ng?. For example, if th? target market w?? ??l?ul?t?d ?t 50,000, multiply th?t by .02. Next, multiply 50,000 b? .06. The r??ulting ??ir ?f numbers are th? m? rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n estimate, which w?uld b? a r?ng? b?tw??n 1,000 ?nd 3,000 ?u?t?m?r?.Pr?j??ting th? C??tâ€"B?n?fit: The ??tim?t?d m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n range, as compared t? th? numb?r ?f ?u?t?m?r? r??uir?d t? turn a ?r?fit will be th? center ?i??? ?f a ?u?????ful bu?in??? ?l?n. It’s a ?im?l? m?tri? to calculate. If success r??uir?? ??nv?rting a numb?r ?f ?u?t?m?r? th?t i? gr??t?r than th? high ?nd of the m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n range, th?n the probability ?f ?u????? in the given m?rk?t i? l?w.Int?rn?ti?n?l M?rk?t Penetration Str?t?gi??Entry int? foreign m?rk?t? begins with a list ?f decisions leading t? a ??n?lu?i?n on ???tâ€"b?n?fit. S?m? of th??? decisions include which m?rk?t? to ?nt?r and wh?n t? enter them, ?t what ???l?, ?nd in whi?h m?nn?r, ?t?.Th? ?u??ti?n ?f whi?h m?rk?t t? enter will b? d?t?rmin?d b? the l?ng-run ?r?fit potential, which h?? ??v?r?l key f??t?r?.S?m? of those ?r? th? size of the target d?m?gr??hi?, individual purchasing power, ?r?j??ti?n? for j?b ?utl??k, politica l ?nd ???n?mi? stability, ?nd ???n?mi? growth ?r?j??ti?n? in th? r?gi?n.The Art ?f G??d TimingA??uming that a new market i? b?ing ??n?id?r?d f?r ??n?tr?ti?n b???u?? ?h?ng?? in g?v?rnm?nt r?gul?ti?n? h?v? ?lt?r?d th? international business ?lim?t?â€"m??ning no ?th?r f?r?ign brands ???r?t? within th?t market ??tâ€"timing f?r ?ntr? can b? d?t?rmin?d with one ?im?l? m?xim.Ent?r ?? ??rl? ?? is r????n?bl? ????ibl?. Early ?ntri?? h?v? th? ?r??m?tiv? advantage ?f capturing th? m?j?rit? of the m?rk?t ?h?r? so l?ng as th?? h?v? done th?ir du? diligence establishing strong br?nd id?ntit? beforehand.With the m?rk?t ?h?r? ?dv?nt?g?, ??rl? ?ntr? ?l?? ??m?? with th? benefit of b?ing fir?t to ??nn??t with ?nd make an emotional im?r???i?n ?n th? n?w ?udi?n??.Th?t means b? the time ?n? m?rk?t l?t???m?r? arrive, brand loyalty ?h?uld b? in its full effect, and th??? ?ub???u?nt ?rriv?l? will f??? the uphill b?ttl? ?f ??m??ting ?g?in?t ??t?bli?h?d brands for m?rk?t share.MARKET PENETRATION IN A SATURATED MARKETM?rk?t ??tur?ti?n i? ?n? ?f the ?rim?r? limit?ti?n? to market penetration. Th?r? i? always a m???ur?bl?, ?nd ?r?di?t?bl? ??int at whi?h ?ll th? ?u?t?m?r? with potential interest in a giv?n ??t?g?r? ?f products ?nd/?r services h?v? b??n reached by ?ith?r a n?w??m?r or ?n ?xi?ting bu?in???.Th?t’? th? d?finiti?n ?f a ??tur?t?d m?rk?t.At th?t ??int, it may ?till b? possible to ???tur? m?r? market ?h?r?, th?r?b? ??hi?ving d????r m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n, but th? ???tâ€"b?n?fit ratio t?nd? t? b? unf?v?ur?bl?.G?ining deeper market penetration in a saturated m?rk?t t??i??ll? inv?lv?? investment in ?ggr???iv?l? competitive marketing ?nd advertising initiatives intended t? ??r?u?d? members of a ??m??tit?r’? ?u?t?m?r base t? ?wit?h l???lt? from one brand to ?n?th?r.In those cases, th?r?’? always a ?h?n?? th?t the ??m??titi?n may respond in kind.Th?r? i? also the ??t?nti?l f?r l?g?l i??u?? to ?ri?? if f?l??, or lib?ll?u? ?l?im? ?r? ???it?d b? the competitive ?d?.Ex???t in v?r? rare ????? , ?dditi?n?l ?u?t?m?r? gained through th??? methods in a ??tur?t?d market do n?t ?i?ld ?n?ugh r?turn t? justify th? inv??tm?nt in tim?, energy, creative r???ur???, ?nd ?x??n??.M?RK?T PENETRATION V?. M?RK?T DEVELOPMENTM?rk?t d?v?l??m?nt is di?tin?t fr?m market ??n?tr?ti?n in th?t m?rk?t d?v?l??m?nt r?d?fin?? the target market fr?m th? outset. In a m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ?tr?t?g? th? market ?iz? i? a fix?d numb?r.Market d?v?l??m?nt inv?lv?? expansion ?f th? ??t?nti?l market t? new ?u?t?m?r? or n?w uses, wh?r??? market ??n?tr?ti?n inv?lv?? ??m??ting to ???tur? a gr??t?r share of ?n ??t?bli?h?d customer base.New users d?fin?d b? m?rk?t d?v?l??m?nt ?l?n? m?? in?lud? those of ?imil?r t??t??, and d?m?gr??hi? ??t?g?ri?? wh? are l???t?d in a diff?r?nt g??gr??hi? r?gi?n th?n th? ?rim?r? m?rk?t. Or th?? m?? b? potential customers ?urr?ntl? in th? n?n-bu??r ??t?g?r? who n??d t? b? intr?du??d t? ?lt?rn?t? uses f?r a ?r?du?t.Market d?v?l??m?nt may be ?? ?im?l? ?? l?w-???t ?? expanding ?n existing cus tomer m?iling li?t b? bu?ing third-party m?iling li?t? in the interest ?f t?rg?ting n?w ?u?t?m?r d?m?gr??hi??.It may be a subtle ?iv?t from th? ??t?bli?h?d market penetration plan in which ??t?nti?ll? ?r?fit?bl? d?m?gr??hi?? ?r? t?rg?t?d with n?w advertising initi?tiv??.Or, it m?? b? ?? in-d??th ?? ?dding new locations in regions ??m??tit?r? h?v? yet t? t?rg?t. In ?n? ?f th??? ?????, the d??ir?d m?rk?t ?x??n?i?n involves ???it?l inv??tm?nt. Obviously th?t’? a giv?n, ?nd ?? ?r? the ri?k?.Ex??nding into n?w markets m?? b? more complex th?n simply establishing n?w l???ti?n?.If, f?r ?x?m?l?, a cable TV ??m??n? ?r?vid?? ??rvi??? in whi?h fu?l ???t?, fl??t m?int?n?n??, and tr?n?it tim?? b?tw??n customers and ??rvi?? t??hni?i?n? f??t?r? int? b?th the ?u?lit?, value, and profitability of the enterprise, then expansion int? n?w t?rrit?ri?? will involve th? ??m??n? ?ith?r ??r??ding it??lf t?? thin, ?r ??mmitting t? investing in mu?h m?r? th?n ju?t th? ??t?bli?hm?nt ?f new l???ti?n? ?l?ng.Ex pansion of vehicle fleets, as w?ll ?? maintenance facilities ?nd staff w?uld also b? n??????r? in th?t ????. And, if th? n?w market f?il? t? ?i?ld ?d??u?t? returns, th?n ???it?l ?nd resource investments th?t ??uld h?v? been ???li?d in other ways g? to w??t?.H?r? ?r? a f?w factors t? consider wh?n ??nt?m?l?ting a market d?v?l??m?nt ?nd ???iti?ning ?tr?t?g?:D??? research indi??t? th?t the m?rk?t i? f?v?r?bl? for d?v?l??m?nt?Can the bu?in??? be ?d??t?d t? th? n?w market?D??? the ??m??n? have b?th th? r???ur???, ?nd th? will t? ??mmit t? n?w m?rk?t d?v?l??m?nt?Will ?x??n?i?n int? n?w markets cost th? bu?in??? any competitive advantages in it? ?urr?nt market?If th? m?rk?t development ?l?n inv?lv?? developing n?w product lines, expanding th? scope ?f ?xi?ting ?r?du?t lin??, ??n?id?r th??? ?u??ti?n?:Will ??t?bli?h?d customers b?n?fit from the ?x??nd?d product lin??? Ar? th?? ??king for that?Can shifts in m?nuf??turing, di?tributi?n, ?nd m?rk?ting be ??timiz?d for maximum ?ffi?i?n???Will cu rrent ????t? lik? ??r??nn?l, production f??iliti??, di?tributi?n ?h?nn?l?, and brand m????ging r???ur???, i.?. marketing ?nd advertising, b? sufficient to h?ndl? th? ?x??n?i?n?Does the bu?in??? h?v? th? ?x??rti?? and skills to produce ?nd d?liv?r what it ?r???????Does th? bu?in??? truly understand th? ?ultur? and ???i?l climate of th? r?gi?n? where it ?r?????? t? expand? F?r ?x?m?l?, d??? th? ?r?????l inv?lv? building gi?nt w?r?h?u?? stores in ?m?ll, ?ui?t ??mmuniti???C?n brand recognition b? l?v?r?g?d in th? ?r?????d expanded m?rk?t? F?r ?x?m?l?, a well-known ?l?thing company that m?k?? foray into offering shoes, or h?ndb?g?, m?? b? ?bl? t? r?l? on a certain ?m?unt of br?nd recognition.Unwritten Bu?in??? L?w?: Sometimes Rain F?ll? Even on Th??? Wh? are Alr??d? S??k?dIt’? im??rt?nt to b? aware th?t th?r?’? a flip side to the ??rl? ?ntr? ?t?r?.There are ri?k?.The time and ?ff?rt ???nt with br?nding ?tr?t?gi??, market r????r?h, and local ??m??tit?r ?n?l???? ?t?nd t? ?u?h b??k t? t he d?t? f?r ??hi?ving the full r?turn ?n the initi?l m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n investment.Then th?r? i? the ????ibilit? ?f unf?r????n ??nting?n?i??. Tim? ?nd ?ff?rt inv??t?d in l??rning th? rul?? and th? ?t?k?? ?f a n?w g?m? in a n?w ecosystem m?? turn ?ut t? b? gr??t?r th?n anticipated.Ign?r?n?? ?f ?ultur?l conventions, th? nuances ?f a foreign legal systemâ€"which may in?lud? ????i?l t?x?? ?n f?r?ign businessesâ€"and g?rd?n-v?ri?t? x?n??h?bi? suspicion ?f outsiders ??uld turn ?ut to b? li?biliti?? th?t g? unaccounted f?r in the initial market penetration ?l?n.A? previously mentioned, early entry tends t? ??? ?ff f?r th??? who ?r? fully ?r???r?d.Consider th? ???? ?f KFC who ???n?d its fir?t Chinese restaurant in Ti?n?nm?n S?u?r? in 1987. At th? time, m?n? ?f the Chin??? w?r? ?till w??ring th? tuni? ?uit? of the Mao ?r? and h?d n?v?r heard ?f western f??t f??d.But b???u?? ?f th?ir ?tr?ng br?nd, dilig?nt ?l?nning ?nd willingness t? l??rn about the foreign culture ?nd break fr?m th? long-est ablished n?rm ?f selling th? ??m? lin? ?f ?r?du?t? th? exact same w?? th?? h?d ?lw??? b??n ??ld in th? U.S. and Eur???, th? fri?d-?hi?k?n giant b???m? ?f the m??t ?ur?ri?ing international bu?in??? success stories in hi?t?r?.Good for them.But because ?f th?ir success, th? category of western fast f??d b???m? a cultural n?v?lt? ??r??? th? most ???ul?u? ??untr? in th? w?rld. And n? ?n? f??t-f??d ?h?in would b? ?n?ugh t? fill the wide open m?rk?t KFC ?r??t?d.Th?t ??t the ?t?g? f?r M?D?n?ld’? t? ??r??d across Chinese markets with far less effort, ?nd investment in planning ?nd ?tr?t?g?. Admitt?dl? though, M?D?n?ld’? ?l?? h?d an unstoppably ?tr?ng br?nd ?? w?ll.No bu?in??? ?h?uld ??unt ?n th? extreme g??d f?rtun? McDonald’s ?x??ri?n??d in Chin?. A? ?lw??? th? b??t b?t is t? h??? for th? b??t but ?l?n for th? w?r?t.And t??i??ll? wh?n a bu?in??? ?nt?r? a f?r?ign m?rk?t wh?r? n?t even the ??t?g?r? for it? type of ?r?du?t? ?r ??rvi??? ?xi?t?, the t?rg?t d?m?gr??hi? can ?r?v? ?l?w t? ?d? ?t.In th?t case furth?r inv??tm?nt in ?dv?rti?ing and outreach m?rk?ting t? make ??t?nti?l ?u?t?m?r? ?w?r? of the b?n?fit? ?ff?r?d m?? b? r??uir?d. And ?v?n th?n, it ??n be a painstaking ?r?????.Thi? i? where th? scale ?f m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n ??m?? into ?l??.If ?n?ugh ?f th??? ?u??ti?n? ?r? satisfactorily ?ffirm?d and m?rk?t expansion ?????r? t? ?ff?r a legitimate ?h?n?? ?t growth ?nd ?r?fit?bilit?, then there are a f?w ??mm?n approaches to th? process.T?rg?ting th? competition’s customer b??? â€" Competing agencies in ?n? f?rm ?r? d?fin?d b? their ?imil?riti??, the m??t important of which i? ?u?t?m?r d?m?gr??hi??.But m?rk?t r????r?h m?? reveal subtle d?m?gr??hi? subcategories that ??n b? l?v?r?g?d b? using advertising and m?rk?ting r???ur??? t? ??t?bli?h a di?tin?ti?n b?tw??n ?n? business organization ?nd ?n?th?r. H?r? ?r? a f?w id??? for that:A????r?n??: If your ??m??n? m?k?? a ?h??i??l ?r?du?t ??u ??n t?il?r ?r?du?t d??ign? t? establish aesthetic di?tin?ti?n? th?t will appeal to the sensibilities ?f the new market ??gm?nt.Phil????h?: Brand messaging ??n u?? rhetorical devices t? ?????l to ?ubtl? philosophical traits that will ?????l to the b?li?f? ?f th? t?rg?t market ??gm?nt.Cu?t?m?r Experience: Th? customer ??rvi?? model ??n b? t?il?r?d to r?fl??t b?th a commitment to aesthetic ?nd ?hil????hi??l di?tin?ti?n? th?t ?ng?nd?r a ??n?? ?f ?x?lu?ivit? in potential ?u?t?m?r?.Limit Cu?t?m?r Ri?k: D??ign ways to ?nb??rd ?nd ??rvi?? n?w ?u?t?m?r? in w??? th?t are ???? and ??nv?ni?nt f?r th?m. Al?? ?ff?r an easy ?xit ?tr?t?g?, lik? a money-back gu?r?nt??Expertise: If th? bu?in??? d??l? in ?n? t??? ?f technical field, br?nd m????ging can ??t?bli?h technical ?u??ri?rit? that m?k?? choosing one brand over another a ?m?rt d??i?i?n.U?ing br?nd m????ging t? ??t?bli?h distinctions b?tw??n ?n? ??m??n? ?nd ?n?th?r i? a tri?d ?nd tru? market d?v?l??m?nt t??ti?.H?w?v?r, ?n?? a bu?in??? m?n?g?? to ?x??nd its m?rk?t on th? m?rit? ?f those differences, those di?tin?ti?n? mu?t b? m ?int?in?d from th?t ??int f?rw?rd, so l?ng ?? they wi?h t? r?t?in ?rim??? in th? new market ??gm?nt?.Admittedly, that desire m?? n?t persist forever. C?m??tit?r? may initiate ?tr?t?gi?? t? r????tur? m?rk?t ??gm?nt? th?t they l??t. Or, the ?x??nd?d m?rk?t m?? become less profitable ?v?r time. Or, ?hift? in the original m?rk?t may open u? new opportunities f?r m?rk?t ??n?tr?ti?n.It ??uld also b? that th? n?wl? d?v?l???d m?rk?t? ?r?v? t? b? so lu?r?tiv? that a bu?in??? ?l??t? t? ?b?nd?n its original m?rk?t ?lt?g?th?r.It’? ?l?? not unheard ?f f?r g?v?rnm?nt r?gul?ti?n? to ?h?ng? in w??? th?t make ?x??n?i?n int? ?v?r???? m?rk?t? th? most favorable strategy f?r growth. In th?t case, th?r? will be ??rt?in ?l?m?nt? ?f th? model th?t will need t? b? r?vi?it?d.

Marketing Strategy - 784 Words

5. Marketing means solving problems of how best to meet customer needs. What were the mistakes Afjuz made in its former approach to marketing? What marketing strategy should Afjuz adopt to improve its performance on the British market? Give your reasons. Marketing is a mix of activities involved in getting goods from the producer to the consumer. The producer is responsible for the design and manufacture of goods. Early marketing techniques followed production and were responsible only for moving goods from the manufacturer to the point of final sale. Now, however, marketing is much more pervasive. In large corporations the marketing functions precede the manufacture of a product. They involve market research and product development,†¦show more content†¦As it turned out after 2,5 years all the attempts of the agency to boost sales, to enlarge a market share and heighten the popularity of the brand failed. They managed to rich just 0,8% share of the market (in contrast to predicted 3% within 3 years period) serving  £0,5 mln of the market sales (for comparison the total market worth is estimated about  £50 mln). Preparing the expansion for the British market Marketing Board made a number of mistakes. The first and may be even the most serious false step was that they had not carried a thorough and all-round research and analysis of the received data. In order to realize and implement an efficient marketing strategy it is necessary to observe marketing management principles which include: planning, organizing, directing, and controlling decision making. Oranges consider to be problem products in the view of distribution and sells – it is very difficult for the producer to inform potential customers of some unique features and difference from the competitors’ fruits. Moreover it is an extremely complicated task for the customer to identify and distinguish oranges of the concrete grower. 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Manual Blood Pressure Techniques Essay - 1662 Words

Introduction Manual blood pressure techniques are compounded with many factors that may affect the measurement (Myers, 2010). Patient anxiety and poor blood pressure measurement technique by the health professional can result in a misdiagnosis and improper drug treatment (Myers, 2010). The mercury sphygmomanometer has been â€Å"gold-standard† for measuring blood pressure since it’s invention in 1881 (Ostchega et al, 2011). However, mercury is now considered to be an environmental risk and many hospitals and clinical practices worldwide have banned the use of mercury (Myers, 2010). There are now many mercury free alternatives to the sphygmomanometer such as the aneroid sphygmomanometer, digital monitors like the x or ambulatory blood†¦show more content†¦Manufacturers usually make claims on the accuracy of their devices, however, decisions on which device to use should be based solely on international protocols and peer-reviewed journals (Beevers et al, 2007). Auscultatory methods The auscultatory method involves the use of a sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope to listen to Korotkoff sounds and determine the systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (Kapse Patil, 2013). The mercury and aneroid sphygmomanometers are two types of devices that use auscultatory methods to measure blood pressure (Buchanan, 2009). Mercury and Aneroid Sphygmomanometers The mercury sphygmomanometer is a simple and highly accurate method of measuring blood pressure (Tholl et al, 2004). However, the risk of toxicity of mercury to the patient and those that use and service the devices, has seen mercury sphygmomanometers phased out in most clinical settings (Beevers et al, 2007). Aneroid devices have replaced mercury sphygmomanometers in many medical facilities (Beevers et al, 2007). 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Smoking in pregnancy Free Essays

string(101) " 15 cigarettes a day have 15 times greater risk of dying from SID compared to babies of non-smokers\." Introduction The purpose of this essay is to identify a public health issue with a woman I cared for in practice. Using a health promotion model to critically analyse the woman’s needs and outline the midwifery care given to address the issue. Discussing health promotion, theories influencing midwife practice and the role of the midwife in public health and health promotion. We will write a custom essay sample on Smoking in pregnancy or any similar topic only for you Order Now For the purpose of maintaining confidentiality in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) the code: standards of conduct performance and ethics for nurses and midwives (NMC 2008), the pseudonym Miss will be used to refer to my client. Different source of literature will be used to support my discussion throughout the essay. Scenario Miss Yardley, a young woman of white British origin, twenty one year old primipara, eleven weeks plus four days gestation according to her last menstrual period. She attended the maternity booking clinic with her long term partner for history taking. She lived with her partner in a private accommodation though recently both she and her partner had moved in with her mother who lives in a council rented apartment, as they could no longer afford payment for their flat. She was unemployed due to a recent redundancy from the company she had worked in since leaving secondary school aged sixteen. Her partner is employed but on a low paid salary as a call centre operator. On several occasions she had searched for new employment with no success. She expressed not to have any medical or obstetric problems. Miss Yardley expressed that she used to drink alcohol only on social occasions but stopped when she became aware of the pregnancy. She willing expressed when asked regarding smoking t hat she smoked up to fifteen cigarettes a day or more depending on how she was feeling emotionally. She tried quitting on one occasion though due to overwhelming personal issues at the time was unable to give up smoking. Her partner never smoked but her mother smoked up to ten cigarettes a day. She expressed willingness to quit smoking but felt worried that she may not be able to completely give up as she tends to be drawn to smoke more when stressed and now that she is unemployed there is more time available for her to smoke. The public health issue from the case study The importance of smoking as a public health issue has been identified in various key policies and strategy papers. The government white paper on tobacco 1998: smoking kills targets pregnant women as a priority group requiring intervention. According to the Department of Health (a smoke free future) ‘smoking remains one of few modifiable risk factor in pregnancy’ (DH, 2010, p.22), it states that smoking rates are highest in routine and manual groups, lower socioeconomic groups and certain minority and vulnerable groups. In the mid 1950 smoking levels between socioeconomic groups were similar, however since the 1960 onwards the more advantaged socioeconomic group acted in response to increasing evidence about the harmful effects of tobacco use (DH 2011). Figure 8 (in appendix) in the strategy shows correlation between the prevalence of smoking and net income. Therefore reducing smoking rates in these groups of people has been identified as a critical factor in reducin g health inequalities. The good practice guide 3 (Public health agency 2010) also indicates a clear link between smoking in pregnancy and social disadvantage, it states evidence indicates while women know that tobacco use is damaging their health, for many smoking is a means of coping with poverty, disadvantage and lack of control over aspects of life. In contribution to social disadvantage, the highest prevalence of smoking is noted in the 20-34 age group (Office for National Statistics (ONS), 2006).The most recent white paper Healthy lives, healthy people (DH 2011) sets to reduce national rates in smoking amongst pregnant women to 11 percent from the current 2009/10 rate of 14 percent. It states that tobacco smoking remains one of the most significant public health challenges in England. Cost Smoking has remained prominent in public health globally and it continues to be a major factor for health inequalities in the UK. The world health organisation (WHO), 2011) states over the cause of the 21th century, tobacco use could kill a billion people or more unless urgent action is taken. The need for support identified in various literature and government strategy to enable pregnant women to maintain healthy lifestyles during and after pregnancy has impacted in my decision to identify smoking as a public health need for my client. Impact of smoking in pregnancy Maternal smoking is not only harmful during pregnancy but has a long term effects on the baby after birth, 4000 chemicals of which some are marked irritant properties and some 60 are known or suspected to be carcinogenic can be found in tobacco smoke (WHO, 2004). Some of the risk associated with smoking during pregnancy includes intrauterine growth restriction, placenta previa, and abruptio placentae (Vanderhoeven and Tolosa 2010). Poor outcomes such as preterm rupture of membranes, low birth weight and perinatal mortality have been highlighted (Vanderhoeven et al, 2010). Lagan and Casson 2010, indicates smoking to be associated with increased risk of miscarriage, respiratory problems for the child and sudden infant death (SID). Research carried out by University College London (UCL) concluded that babies born to women who smoke are at increased risk of having certain birth defects such as missing or deformed limbs, clubfoot, gastrointestinal, skull and eye defects and cleft lip o r palate (Campbell 2011). Babies born of mothers who smoke have frequent respiratory problems at birth and in their first year, they are at risk of developing asthma and a higher rate of stillbirth is noted (Viccars, 2009). Miss Yardley smokes 15 or more cigarettes a day and her mother is also identified as a smoker, this puts the unborn baby at risk of effects due to direct smoking and passive smoking. Mitchell et al (citied in Viccars, 2009) states that babies of women who smoke 15 cigarettes a day have 15 times greater risk of dying from SID compared to babies of non-smokers. You read "Smoking in pregnancy" in category "Essay examples"Further research showed a link between smoking during pregnancy and low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in children whose mother’s smoked whilst pregnant. It concluded that they had 10-15 percent risk of experiencing heart disease compared to children with non smoking mothers (Health express, 2011). From the discussion above it is evident the issue of smoking would need to be addressed at each opportunity with Miss Yardley when providing care and advice. This would enable screening and monitoring of smoking status, education on the effects of smoking to the outcome of her pregnancy and adequate support to ensure effects to pregnancy and the general health of mother and baby is eradicated or minimised. Health promotion models WHO defines health promotion a process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve, their health. It implies that the ideology moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions. Naidoo and Wills (2010), states ‘health promotion is based on theories about what influences people’s health and what are effective interventions or strategies to improve health. There are five different approaches to health promotion, medical, behaviour change, educational, client approach and societal change approach (Scriven 2010). Different health promotion models have been developed to enable a planned intervention to improve health. Tannahill model (Downie et al 1996 citied in Naidoo and Wills 2009), addresses health promotion over three overlapping spheres of activity, preventive education, prevention and health protection. The model suggest that all approach interlink, in practice this could be difficult to implement and due to the overlapping of spheres, focus on what needs to be achieved could be confused. The prevention sphere of the model relies mainly on the medical approach , Barnes (2009) suggest that medical approach could be perceived as a top down approach and that when providing health promotion intervention client involvement is necessary to help maintain individual focus (client centred care). In comparison, the Tones model which is an empowerment model sets to enable people to gain control over their own health (citied in Naidoo and Wills, 2009). ‘Tones consider education to be the key in empowering both lay and professional people’ (Naidoo et al 2009).The empowerment approach relies on educating client and the information conveyed would be highly medicalised to show importance of the issue. In relation to Miss Yardley who has tried but failed to quit smoking, empowering her through the use of education to convey the risk of smoking though unavoidable as a health professional, could have a counter active effect. Dunkley (2000), states that the aim of mass campaign is to raise awareness, however it may increase feeling of guilt and stress which may be relieved by the aid of another cigarette. Therefore the effectiveness of this model’s approach for my client is questioned. Tones and Tannahill model both mainly makes use of the medical and educational approach, this makes it difficult to address socioeconomic factors that have documented risk with smoking. As my clients issue is related to smoking and there is a socioeconomic factor present, it would be inapplicable to use these models of health promotion. During the booking appointment, Miss Yardley willing expressed to have tried quitting with no success and that she would like to quit though factors such as not having a job contributed to her smoking. ‘Nicotine addiction is identified as a major factor for women continuing to smoke during pregnancy’ (Lagan et al 2010). There is a link between stress and the use of tobacco as a relieve method. Gorman (2008) states ‘that smoking represents a significant challenge for pregnant women, as it compounds the stress of pregnancy and may be further complicated by additional factors such as disadvantage’. McCurry et al 2002 (citied in Lagan et al 2010) also indicates smoking to be a mechanism of coping with disadvantage, stress and perceived lack of control over life. According to Earp and Ennett (1991) an ecological perspective implies that behaviour results from interaction of both individual and environmental factors (Citied in Lagan et al, 2010). Various lite ratures have made use of behaviour model when planning intervention for smoking. Prochaska and DiClemente’s trans-theoretical model (Naidoo et al, 2009); will be used to manage the care of Miss Yardley. The model describes the process of change; it is derived from their work on encouraging change in additive behaviours (Naidoo el at, 2009). This model is applicable to my client has it addresses her behaviour which is the main attribute in smoking and enables a woman centred approach. Woman centred care is expressed as choice, control and continuity of care in the Changing Childbirth report (DH, 1993 cities in Leap 2009).Behavioural change approach enables the use of communication and counselling, empowerment, decision making, fostering community groups and social support networks (Dunkley 2000). The process of change includes precontemplation, contemplation, preparing to change, making change and maintenance. The woman’s needs and midwifery care involved All care given was in accordance with the National institute for health and clinical excellence (NICE, 2010): public health guidance 26. Precontemplation: in this stage change to lifestyle has not been considered. Miss Yardley has progressed from this stage has she identified willingness to try quitting. This shows the limitation of the model when used with an individual who is thinking of changing. Contemplation: the individual is thinking about change. The client’s willingness indicated readiness for change, adequate information was giving during the booking appointment through leaflets and other forms of resources. Due to the step by step structure of the model, it was easy to identify the stage of change. Preparing to change: Miss Yardley has read all the information given and had taken up the referral. Though she continued to smoke but expressed to have cut down to 10 cigarettes a day. This shows the effectiveness of the model, though she is not at the point of change the use of counselling and information regarding risk has empowered some form of change. Making the change: a date was choose. She had cut down from 10 to about 8 a day depending on her moods; she maintained her appointment with the specialist. Maintenance: there is a possibility of relapse at this stage as change is not a smooth process (Naidoo et al, 2009). In Miss Yardley’s case change would have to be assessed through to the postnatal period, in order to determine adequate health improvement.According to At booking, Miss Yardley’s pregnancy was considered low risk, which meant that her care was given mainly in the community. Her exposure to smoking was identified through discussion. Carbon monoxide test was not carried out as it is unavailable in the located hospital. Information regarding the risk of smoking in pregnancy to her and the unborn child was explained and information leaflets and contact numbers to relevant smoking services given. Passive smoking was addressed and the effects pointed out. The benefits of stopping smoking to her health and that of the pregnancy outcome were highlighted, financial benefit was also explained. The need to quit, rather than cut down was explained. Informed consent was given and referral made to the community smoking cessation midwife. Encouragement and praise was given at this stage. As she identified her mother to be a smoker, information on how to reduce passive smoking was explained and relevant stop smoking service contact w ere given to help her mother. The pregnancy book by the Department of Health was given for general education on pregnancy and the section on rights and benefits was highlighted to help with benefits as she was unemployed. Care given was accurately recorded in accordance with NMC code (2008) to enable continuity of care. At 28 weeks plus four days, she was seen for a routine follow up antenatal appointment with the midwife. She expressed to be well, no concerns regarding fetal movement noted, no abnormalities detected with other routine examination such as symphysis fundal height measure. The appointment was used as an opportunity to assess her exposure to smoke, and to identify whether smoking cessation was maintained. Benefits of quitting were further stressed and encouragement was given. From her appointment with the smoking specialist, it was evident from documentation that improvement were being made in regards to the carbon monoxide readings as she had reduced the amount of cigarette smoked and was preparing to achieve a set date. The role of midwife in public health and health promotion Midwives have been identified as health professional responsible for identifying this target group of smokers (pregnant women).Midwives have access to the life cycle of very important group of people; therefore they play a part in the government target of reducing smoking in pregnancy (Pollock 2003). Partnership with woman is essential in achieving health promotion and maintaining government set public health targets. According to Leap, (citied in Ebert et al, 2009), ‘midwives reported their role as facilitating choice and empowering women through partnership and effective communication’. the midwifery partnership model of care Communication is an important role for midwives, in health promotion it enables continuity of care through adequate documentation, verbal interaction with women enables relationship to be formed which further improves women centred care approach. Byrd (2006) ‘states that relationship are able to persist trust and attachment developing a s long as people fulfil perceived obligations of behaviour and communication’ (Ebert et al 2009). Multidisciplinary team working to enable adequate care is provided is also a vital role of midwives in health promoting and improving public health.Midwives and nurses frequently utilise holistic concept of health to underpin practice (Beldon and Crozler 2005). Therefore when provide health promotion it is important that the women’s needs is addressed holistically in accordance with midwifery practice and not based on medical interpretation. Conclusion In conclusion, it is evident that smoking during pregnancy is an important aspect of public health and therefore an important part of midwifery practice. In particular, health promotion in daily practice is required to prevent any further complication to mothers and their unborn babies. Smoking is a major public health issue that continues to contribute to social and health inequalities.Working with Miss Yardley enabled me to provide care tailored to her needs and goal set to quit smoking and were identified by the client. Though I was unable to follow her care care through, I feel adequate support provided through the smoking cessation referral would enable her to maintain her set goal and improve her health and that of the unborn child. How to cite Smoking in pregnancy, Essay examples

I Am a Lifeguard free essay sample

In the writing titled I Am a Lifeguard written by Jonah F., I felt worried for him. His writing about saving a little girls life left me feeling almost speechless because of the impact I know that mustve had on him. This article was written so well and makes you realize how important some jobs are. Yes, it seems true that lifeguarding could be considered a boreing or perhaps easy job because it is mostly a lot of sitting, waiting and watching. However, some people dont always think about the experiences that some lifeguards may have had. The comparison, She was flailing her arms as if she was fighting off a pack of bees, uses great imagery, making it easier to picture the scene. I also love how the article ended with a strong conclusion.Sometimes even lifeguards forget this, but that day I will never forget. To me, this quote shows how much of an impact that moment obviously made on his life and how you can not take anything for granted. We will write a custom essay sample on I Am a Lifeguard or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page